Microbiome
The genetic complement of microorganisms inhabiting an environment, especially a site on or in the body (i.e. gut).
Prebiotic
An undigested food ingredient (i.e. fiber or polyphenol) that can promote the growth of a healthy microbiome.
Fiber
A carbohydrate prebiotic that resists host digestion and is converted by the microbiome to metabolites (i.e. butyrate).
Polyphenol
A group of colorful compounds occurring naturally in plants that can be prebiotics for the gut microbiome and benefit health.
Probiotic
Live microorganisms derived from food or gut microbiome, that when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host.
Postbiotic
Bioactive metabolites produced by microorganisms in a fermentation process from food nutrients (i.e. fiber, polyphenol) that support health or well being.
Butyrate
One of several short chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced by the microbiome that feeds the gut lining, stimulates GLP-1, and regulates metabolism, and mitochondria.
GLP-1
An incretin hormone, in class with GIP and PYY, that the gut produces in response food and that regulates appetite and metabolism.
Mitochondria
Cellular powerhouses that convert food into energy, in concert with the microbiome through its metabolites.